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Quick TrainerCell Organelles and Their Functions
Learn the key organelles of plant and animal cells and the primary job each one performs.
Science28 items3 levelsDifficulty 2/5
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Levels
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1
Core Organelles
8 items
2
Specialized Structures
9 items
3
Advanced Details
11 items
All 28 cards
Which organelle is the control center of the cell, containing DNA?
Nucleus
Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell' and produces ATP?
Mitochondrion
What organelle in plant cells carries out photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
What rigid outer layer surrounds plant cells for support and protection?
Cell wall
What thin barrier controls what enters and exits the cell?
Cell membrane
What jelly-like fluid fills the cell and holds the organelles?
Cytoplasm
Which small structures are the sites of protein synthesis?
Ribosomes
What large fluid-filled sac stores water and maintains turgor pressure in plant cells?
Vacuole
Which organelle modifies, packages, and ships proteins?
Golgi apparatus
Which organelle studded with ribosomes synthesizes proteins?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Which organelle without ribosomes makes lipids and detoxifies chemicals?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down waste and worn-out parts?
Lysosome
Which paired structures help organize cell division in animal cells?
Centrioles
What network of protein fibers gives the cell shape and support?
Cytoskeleton
What dense region inside the nucleus produces ribosomes?
Nucleolus
What double membrane surrounds the nucleus?
Nuclear envelope
What pigment inside chloroplasts absorbs light for photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll
Which organelle breaks down fatty acids and detoxifies hydrogen peroxide?
Peroxisome
Inside mitochondria, what are the folds of the inner membrane called?
Cristae
What is the fluid-filled inner space of a mitochondrion called?
Matrix
In chloroplasts, what are the stacks of disc-like membranes called?
Grana
What is the fluid surrounding the thylakoids in a chloroplast?
Stroma
What flattened membrane discs in chloroplasts capture light energy?
Thylakoids
What small openings in the nuclear envelope allow molecules to pass?
Nuclear pores
What temporary structures form during cell division to move chromosomes?
Spindle fibers
What whip-like structure enables some cells to swim or move?
Flagellum
What tiny hair-like projections move fluids across a cell's surface?
Cilia
What process do vesicles perform when transporting materials within a cell?
Transport
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